格林童話(huà)故事第97篇：萬(wàn)事通大夫Doctor Know-all

　　《萬(wàn)事通大夫》，格林童話(huà)之一，主要講的是從前有一個(gè)貧窮的農夫名叫螃蟹，趕著(zhù)兩頭牛拉了一車(chē)木頭進(jìn)城，以二個(gè)金幣的價(jià)格將木頭賣(mài)給了一個(gè)大夫。大夫一邊給他點(diǎn)錢(qián)，一邊坐在桌旁吃飯，農夫看見(jiàn)大夫的飯菜如此豐盛，從內心感到羨慕，心想如果自己也是大夫該多好的故事，下面是小編整理的關(guān)于格林童話(huà)故事第97篇：萬(wàn)事通大夫Doctor Know-all的內容，歡迎大家閱讀！

　　作品原文

　　從前有一個(gè)貧窮的農夫名叫螃蟹，趕著(zhù)兩頭牛拉了一車(chē)木頭進(jìn)城，以二個(gè)金幣的價(jià)格將木頭賣(mài)給了一個(gè)大夫。大夫一邊給他點(diǎn)錢(qián)，一邊坐在桌旁吃飯，農夫看見(jiàn)大夫的飯菜如此豐盛，從內心感到羨慕，心想如果自己也是大夫該多好。他站在那里楞了一會(huì )兒，終于不好意思地問(wèn)他是否也能當一名大夫。"噢，可以，"大夫說(shuō)："那很好辦。""我該作什么?"農夫接著(zhù)問(wèn)。"首先買(mǎi)一本卷首有一只公雞的入門(mén)書(shū);然后將你的牛車(chē)和兩頭牛換成錢(qián)，給自己買(mǎi)些衣服和隨便一些與醫藥有關(guān)的物品;最后做一塊招牌上面寫(xiě)著(zhù)：我是萬(wàn)事通大夫，釘在你的門(mén)上邊。"農夫照此作好了一切，便開(kāi)始行醫治病。時(shí)間不長(cháng)，有一個(gè)大財主的錢(qián)財被盜，聽(tīng)說(shuō)在某某村莊有個(gè)萬(wàn)事通大夫，他想他一定知道被盜的錢(qián)財在哪里。于是大財主套上馬車(chē)，驅車(chē)奔向那個(gè)村莊，問(wèn)螃蟹是不是萬(wàn)事通大夫。沒(méi)錯，我就是，他答道。財主邀請他同去把被偷盜的錢(qián)財找回來(lái)。"噢，可以，可是我的老婆，革里特也必須去。"財主同意了，請他們二人上車(chē)，一同上了路。當他們到了那位大人物的豪宅時(shí)，餐桌已經(jīng)擺好，螃蟹被邀請入座就餐。"好吧，可是我的老婆，革里特也得入座呀。"他說(shuō)，然后和他的老婆一塊坐在了桌旁。這時(shí)第一個(gè)仆人端著(zhù)一盤(pán)精美的菜肴進(jìn)來(lái)，農夫用胳膊肘推了他老婆一下說(shuō)："革里特，這是第一個(gè)。"他的意思是這是第一道菜。然而那個(gè)仆人卻以為是說(shuō)："這是第一個(gè)賊。"實(shí)際上他就是賊，所以他十分害怕，跟外邊的同伙說(shuō)："大夫全都知道，我們可要倒霉啦，他說(shuō)我是第一個(gè)。"第二個(gè)不敢進(jìn)來(lái)了，可是他不得不進(jìn)來(lái)。當他端著(zhù)菜進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，農夫用胳膊肘推了他老婆一下說(shuō)："革里特，這是第二個(gè)。"這個(gè)仆人同樣嚇得不輕，馬上抽身出來(lái)了。第三個(gè)也是被嚇得心驚肉跳，因為農夫又說(shuō)了聲："革里特，這是第三個(gè)。"第四個(gè)端著(zhù)一個(gè)蓋著(zhù)蓋子的盤(pán)子，財主請大夫顯示一下他的才能，猜猜蓋子底下是什么。盤(pán)子里裝的是螃蟹。大夫盯著(zhù)盤(pán)子看，可是實(shí)在不知說(shuō)什么好，他哀嘆道："唉，可憐的螃蟹呀。"財主一聽(tīng)就大喊："太棒啦!他知道里面是什么，他一定也知道錢(qián)在哪兒!"

　　看到這一切，仆人們的神色格外緊張，他們暗示大夫能不能出去一小會(huì )兒。于是他就出去了，四個(gè)仆人都坦白說(shuō)是他們偷了錢(qián)，并且許諾如果他不揭發(fā)他們，他們愿意將錢(qián)還回而且給他一大筆錢(qián)作為酬謝，否則他們會(huì )被絞死。他們帶他到了藏錢(qián)的地方。他胸有成竹地回到大廳，在桌旁落座后說(shuō)道："我的老爺，現在我要從我的書(shū)中查找藏金子的地方。"這時(shí)，第五個(gè)仆人爬進(jìn)壁爐里想聽(tīng)聽(tīng)大夫還知道些什么�？墒谴蠓蜃�著(zhù)一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，打開(kāi)他的入門(mén)書(shū)，將書(shū)頁(yè)來(lái)回翻著(zhù)，尋找那只公雞。由于一時(shí)找不著(zhù)，他就說(shuō)："我知道你就在那兒，所以你最好是自己出來(lái)!"那位在壁爐里的老兄誤認為大夫是指他，真是驚恐萬(wàn)分，一下子跳了出來(lái)，使勁嚷："那個(gè)人真是神掐妙算，無(wú)所不知!"這時(shí)萬(wàn)事通大夫告訴了財主藏錢(qián)的地方，卻沒(méi)有告訴他是誰(shuí)偷的，結果雙方都給了他酬金，他也由此成了名人。

　　萬(wàn)事通大夫英文版：

　　Doctor Know-all

　　There was once on a time a poor peasant called Crabb,who drove with two oxen a load of wood to the town,and sold it to a doctor for two thalers.When the money was being counted out to him,it so happened that the doctor was sitting at table,and when the peasant saw how daintily he ate and drank,his heart desired what he saw,and he would willingly have been a doctor too.So he remained standing a while,and at length inquired if he too could not be a doctor."Oh,yes," said the doctor,"that is soon managed." - "What must I do?" asked the peasant."In the first place buy thyself an A B C book of the kind which has a cock on the frontispiece: in the second,turn thy cart and thy two oxen into money,and get thyself some clothes,and whatsoever else pertains to medicine; thirdly,have a sign painted for thyself with the words,"I am Doctor Knowall," and have that nailed up above thy house-door." The peasant did everything that he had been told to do.When he had doctored people awhile,but not long,a rich and great lord had some money stolen.

　　Then he was told about Doctor Knowall who lived in such and such a village,and must know what had become of the money.So the lord had the horses put in his carriage,drove out to the village,and asked Crabb if he were Doctor Knowall? Yes,he was,he said.Then he was to go with him and bring back the stolen money."Oh,yes,but Grethe,my wife,must go too." The lord was willing and let both of them have a seat in the carriage,and they all drove away together.When they came to the noblemans castle,the table was spread,and Crabb was told to sit down and eat."Yes,but my wife,Grethe,too," said he,and he seated himself with her at the table.And when the first servant came with a dish of delicate fare,the peasant nudged his wife,and said,"Grethe,that was the first," meaning that was the servant who brought the first dish.

　　The servant,however,thought he intended by that to say,"That is the first thief," and as he actually was so,he was terrified,and said to his comrade outside,"The doctor knows all: we shall fare ill,he said I was the first." The second did not want to go in at all,but was forced.So when he went in with his dish,the peasant nudged his wife,and said,"Grethe,that is the second." This servant was just as much alarmed,and he got out.The third did not fare better,for the peasant again said,"Grethe,that is the third." The fourth had to carry in a dish that was covered,and the lord told the doctor that he was to show his skill,and guess what was beneath the cover.The doctor looked at the dish,had no idea what to say,and cried,"Ah,poor Crabb." When the lord heard that,he cried,"There! he knows it,he knows who has the money!"

　　On this the servants looked terribly uneasy,and made a sign to the doctor that they wished him to step outside for a moment.When therefore he went out,all four of them confessed to him that they had stolen the money,and said that they would willingly restore it and give him a heavy sum into the bargain,if he would not denounce them,for if he did they would be hanged.They led him to the spot where the money was concealed.With this the doctor was satisfied,and returned to the hall,sat down to the table,and said,"My lord,now will I search in my book where the gold is hidden." The fifth servant,however,crept into the stove to hear if the doctor knew still more.The Doctor,however,sat still and opened his A B C book,turned the pages backwards and forwards,and looked for the cock.As he could not find it immediately he said,"I know you are there,so you had better show yourself." Then the fellow in the stove thought that the doctor meant him,and full of terror,sprang out,crying,"That man knows everything!" Then Dr.Knowall showed the count where the money was,but did not say who had stolen it,and received from both sides much money in reward,and became a renowned man.

　　作者簡(jiǎn)介

　　雅各·格林和威廉·格林兄弟是德國童話(huà)搜集家、語(yǔ)言文化研究者。因兩人興趣相近，經(jīng)歷相似，合作研究語(yǔ)言學(xué)、搜集和整理民間童話(huà)與傳說(shuō)，故稱(chēng)“格林兄弟”。他們生于哈垴一個(gè)多子女的法學(xué)家家庭，同在卡塞爾上學(xué)，同在馬爾堡學(xué)習法律，后又同在卡塞爾圖書(shū)館工作，1830年同時(shí)擔任格廷根大學(xué)教授。1837年因抗議漢諾威國王任意破壞憲法，同其他五位教授一起被免去教授職務(wù)。1840年任柏林科學(xué)院院士、柏林大學(xué)教授，直至他們去世。格林兄弟興趣廣泛，涉獵范圍很廣。1812年到1815年，他們搜集整理的《兒童與家庭童話(huà)集》出版。該書(shū)奠定了民間童話(huà)中引人入勝的“格林體”敘述方式，對19世紀以來(lái)的世界兒童文學(xué)產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。

　　格林童話(huà)內容簡(jiǎn)介

　　1812年格林童話(huà)第一集出版，包含了86篇童話(huà)故事，第二集增加了70個(gè)故事，內容不斷擴充，格林兄弟生前出版（第七版）的故事集有200則，加上圣徒傳說(shuō)多達210則，再加上補遺就有215則。其中以《灰姑娘》《玫瑰小姐》《受騙的青蛙》《雪白和玫瑰紅》《貓和老鼠交朋友》《聰明的農家女》《三兄弟》《月亮》《熊皮人》《石竹》《白雪公主》《小紅帽》《睡美人》《糖果屋》《青蛙王子》《漁夫和他的妻子》《野狼和七只小羊》《大拇指》《勇敢的小裁縫》《不萊梅的城市樂(lè )手》《穿靴子的貓》較為聞名。

　　《格林童話(huà)》內容廣泛，體裁多樣，除了童話(huà)外，還有民間故事、笑話(huà)、寓言等。其中故事大致分三類(lèi)：一是神魔故事，如《灰姑娘》《白雪公主》《玫瑰公主》《青蛙王子》《小矮人與老鞋匠》《玻璃瓶中的妖怪》等，這些故事情節曲折、驚險奇異、變幻莫測。二是以動(dòng)物為主人公的擬人童話(huà)，如《貓和老鼠》《狼與七只小山羊》《金鳥(niǎo)》等，這些故事中的動(dòng)物既富有人情，又具有動(dòng)物特點(diǎn)，生動(dòng)可愛(ài)。三是以日常生活為題材的故事，如《快樂(lè )的漢斯》《三兄弟》等，這些故事中的人物勤勞質(zhì)樸、幽默可愛(ài)。

　　作品影響

　　1812年，這些故事結集成《兒童和家庭童話(huà)集》的第一卷，于圣誕節前夕在柏林問(wèn)世，大受歡迎。此后直到1857年，格林兄弟不斷補充故事，并一再修訂，共推出七個(gè)版次。第七版后來(lái)成為在各國流傳的原著(zhù)版本，已譯成數十種語(yǔ)言，許多故事都廣為流傳。

　　《格林童話(huà)》獲選為世界文化遺產(chǎn)，被聯(lián)合國教科文組織稱(chēng)贊為“歐洲和東方童話(huà)傳統劃時(shí)代的匯編作品”。

　　《格林童話(huà)》還被加入到聯(lián)合國教科文組織“世界記憶”項目中。

　　在中國，至少有100種以上的譯本和譯改本。在西方基督教國家中，他的銷(xiāo)量?jì)H次于《圣經(jīng)》。

　　2020年4月，列入《教育部基礎教育課程教材發(fā)展中心 中小學(xué)生閱讀指導目錄（2020年版）》。

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